Situs Kampung KB dan Pendidikan Indonesia

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  • Lomba Kampung BK

    Dokumentasi penyerahan hadiah juara 1 lomba Kampung KB sekabupaten Lombok Timur di Joben Desa Pesanggarahan kecamatan Montong Gading (Sabtu, 22 Juni 2019).

  • Dokumentasi penyerahan hadiah juara 1 lomba Kampung KB sekabupaten Lombok Timur di Joben Desa Pesanggarahan kecamatan Montong Gading (Sabtu, 22 Juni 2019).

Prediksi 1 Soal UNBK Bahasa Inggris Tingkat MTs/SMP Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.


Selamat datang para pendidik dan peserta didik, dalam suasana Ujian Nasioanal ini, kami berbagi Prediksi 1 Soal UNBK Bahasa Inggris Tingkat MTs/SMP Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Tujuannya sebagai latihan dalam menghadapi ujian nasional nantinya.

Read the following text to answer question number 1 to 3.
To : Students of SMP Bintang Kejora,

To celebrate school anniversary, we will hold a ceremony on Wednesday, 23 March and a choir competition right after the ceremony.
Each class may send one team consisting of 15 students for the competition. Three winning teams will be awarded cash prize and trophies.
For more info, meet Mrs. Andini.

Principal 
1. According to the text, 23 March is commemorated as ….
     A. Choir Day anniversary
     B. The school’s principal birthday
     C. The school anniversary
     D. Mr. Andini’s special day 

2. To whom should we meet to get the detailed information?
     A. The principal
     B. Ms. Andini
     C. The winning team
     D. The students of SMP Bintang Kejora  

3. “Three winning teams will be awarded cash prizes and trophies” The underlined word is closest in meaning to….
     A. Given
     B. Asked
     C. Covered
     D. Delivered 

Read the following text to answer questions number 4 and 5.
To: Rendy@gmail.com
From: Tyas@gmail.com
Subject: Re-visit plan

Hi Rendy,

I’m happy that you are coming next week.
By the way, you wrote ETA in your last email. I’m wondering what you mean. Could you explain it, please?
I’ll pick you up at the airport. Just give me details of your flight.

Cheers,

Tyas
4. What is the conclusion taken from the text?
     A. Tyas does not open Rendy’s email
     B. Rendy has given the details of his email
     C. He explains about ‘ETA’ in his email
     D. She will meet with Rendy at the airport 

5. How does Tyas feel to know that Rendy is coming?
     A. Sad
     B. Weak
     C. Joyful
     D. Curious 

Read the following text to answer question number 6 and 7.
This is a short message from Janet to Hanifah:

Sorry I can't go window shopping with you. We can go next time also with Nadia. I have to visit my aunt with my mother. 
6. Who will accompany Janet to her aunt's house?
     A. Hanifah
     B. Janet's mother
     C. Nadia
     D. Hanifah's mother  

7. The underlined phrase in "Sorry I can't go window shopping ..." The underlined word is closest in meaning to ....
     A. Looking at goods in shops without buying
     B. Looking for a window for your house
     C. Buying some windows from a shop
     D. Looking at your house's windows 

Read the following text to answer question number 8 and 9.
In the heart of downtown
IKONYO
Grand Hotel
“Where Comfort Begins”

Facilities :
– Fully air conditioned
– Spacious car park
– Theatres and shopping centres within a walking distance
– No charge for children under 5
– Family rate (conditions apply)
– Convention hall
– Traditional, Chinese and Western restaurants
– Airline ticketing offices

Jl. Jam Gadang 100-101, Padang, West Sumatera
Phone: (0751) 70801701
Website : www.IKONYO.com
8. Visitors will possibly choose IKONYO Grand Hotel because .…
     A. It gives them airline ticket discount
     B. It is the only hotel down town
     C. It is promoted on the internet
     D. It offer good facilities 

9. What is conclusion taken from the advertisement?
     A. There is a minimarket at the hotel
     B. Parents with small children should pay more
     C. We can hold a wedding party at IKONYO Hotel
     D. Certain food are available in the restaurants 

Read the following text to answer questions number 10 to 12.
Announcement

To all students of grade VIII. There will be a school holiday for two weeks. Please do a project of descriptive text in writing. It should be about any animal around your house. You can describe your own pet or your neighbour’s. Don’t forget to put the animal’s photo in your writing. You have to submit it on the first day of the second semester.

Mr. Hasan 
10. What is the announcement about?
     A. Semester holiday
     B. Neighbour’s pet
     C. Writing project
     D. Picture description  

11. What should the student do during their holiday?
     A. Doing project of descriptive text
     B. Describing the first day of semester
     C. Being away from school
     D. Taking pictures of a pet  

12. “You have to submit it on the first day…” What does the underlined word mean?
     A. Bring
     B. Collect
     C. Take
     D. Send 

Read the following text to answer questions number 13 and 14.
Friends and family
Join us to celebrate

Casey’s 15th Birthday

Saturday, 21 May 2016
05:00 p.m
123 Main Street Perth

Charlotte
RSVP to Lisa at 123-456-7891
13. When will Casey’s birthday be held?
     A. At night
     B. In the evening
     C. In the morning
     D. In the afternoon 

14. What can we conclude from the invitation?
     A. The invitation is written by Lisa
     B. For confirmation, we can contact Lisa
     C. Charlotte and Lisa are Casey’s cousins
     D. Lisa is the owner of the house at 123 main street Perth 

Read the following text to answer questions number 15 and 16.
To: Mr. Winfield
From: Andrew
Phone Number: +6242897640

Message
The monthly meeting is postponed due to the technical reason.
Further information will be conveyed soon.
Call him, when you are back.

Secretary,
15. Who delivered the message to Mr. Winfield?
     A. Andrew
     B. Mr. Winfield
     C. Andrew’s secretary
     D. The secretary of Mr. Winfield 

16.  From the text we know that Mr. Winfield will call Andrew back to .… of the meeting.
     A. Ask the place
     B. Fix the date
     C. Ask information about
     D. Clarify the postponement 

Read the following text to answer questions number 17 to 19.
Last weekend I and my classmates went to the countryside to have a picnic. Before leaving, we made some sandwiches for lunch. We left quite early to avoid the traffic jam.

After driving for two hours, we arrived at a very nice place. It was near a river with some big trees around it. The driver parked the car under the tree. Seeing the clear an cool water of the river, my friends and I decided to swim. After having lunch together, we went around the area to enjoy the scenery. We saw some beautiful birds and butterflies.

After walking for about an hour, we decided to return to the car and go home. Unfortunately, we cloud not start up the car. Finally after sometime, we cloud make the car start up by pushing it. We were happy although we felt a bit tired when we got home.
17. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
     A. The writer made sandwiches for lunch
     B. The writer did some fun activities during their picnic
     C. After doing some activities, the writer went home by car
     D. Last weekend the writer prepared to have a picnic in the countryside  

18. Why did the writer and his friends decide to swim in the river?
     A. They felt hot after having lunch
     B. They felt tired after having a walk
     C. The water was cool and clear
     D. It was a tiring day  

19. Because of the trouble they had at the end of their picnic, they probably ....
     A. Got home a bit late
     B. Decided to swim again
     C. Had to spend the night there
     D. Decided not to have a picnic again  

Read the following text to answer questions number 20 to 23.
A cactus (plural: cacti) is any member of the plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas. They are often used as ornamental plants, but some are also crop plants. Cacti are grown for protection of property from wild animals, as well as malty other uses.

Cacti are unusual and distinctive plants, which are adapted to extremely hot environments, showing a wide range of anatomical and physiological features which conserve water.

Cacti come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. Many cactus species are night blooming, as they are pollinated by nocturnal insects or small animals, principally moths and bats. Cacti range in size from small and globular to tall and columnar. 
20. Cacti can adapt to hot environments because their anatomical and physiological features ....
     A. Are unusual
     B. Are extreme
     C. Conserve water
     D. Have large sizes  

21. What does the third paragraph tell us about?
     A. The usage of cacti
     B. The habitat of cacti
     C. The advantages of cacti
     D. The characteristics of cacti 

22. The underlined word in "Many cactus species are night blooming, as ..." is closest in meaning to ....
     A. Performing
     B. Flowering
     C. Increasing
     D. Creating  

23. A cactus can be easily found in front of many houses because it is often used as a/an ... plant.
     A. Crop
     B. Wild
     C. Unusual
     D. Ornamental 

Read the following text to answer questions number 24 to 27.
How to Save a Wet Cell Phone

1) Take the phone out of the water as soon as possible.
2) After removing the phone from water, quickly gather some paper towels or soft cloths to lay the phone on while you remove the battery.
3) Remove all other accessories such as memory cards, and protective covers.
4) Dry your phone with soft cloths or a towel.
5) Place the phone in a bowl of uncooked rice overnight. The rice can absorb some remaining moisture from the phone.
6) Plug it into its charger. It is still does not work, take your cell phone to an authorized dealer.
24. How is the wet cell phone dried?
     A. By using soft cloths or a towel
     B. By plugging into its charger
     C. By removing memory cards
     D. By removing the battery 

25. What do we do after we lay the phone on paper towels or soft cloths?
     A. Place the phone in a bowl of uncooked rice overnight
     B. Remove all other accessories and protective cards
     C. Rub it with a cloth or a towel
     D. Plug it into its charger 

26. "Plug it into its charger." What does the underlined word refer to?
     A. The bowl
     B. The card
     C. The phone
     D. The substance 

27. The underlined word in "... quickly gather some paper towels or soft cloths ..." is closest in meaning to ....
     A. Downy
     B. Rough
     C. Thick
     D. Gentle 

Read the following text to answer questions number 28 to 30.
The Crow and The Oyster

A hungry crow saw an oyster on the beach ore day. He wanted to eat the tasty meat inside the shell,'so he tried to open the oyster.

First, he used his beak, but he could not open the shell. Then, he hit it with a stone, but the shell stayed tightly shut. He even jumped up and down on the oyster, but still he could not open it.

Another crow came by. He saw what the first crow was trying to do and said, "My friend, may I offer you some good advice? I suggest that you pick up the oyster in your beak, fly high into the air, and then drop the oyster onto the wide rock below. The oyster shell will break open and you will be able to have your meal."

The hungry crow thought that it was a very good idea. He picked up the oyster with his beak, and then he flew as high as he could. When he was sure that he was high enough, he dropped the oyster onto a wide rock far below.

The oyster shell broke wide open. However, the other crow was waiting nearby, and he reached the broken oyster first. He enjoyed a tasty meal, while the hungry crow had nothing to eat. 
28. How did the other crow trick the hungry crow?
     A. By giving a suggestion to drop the oyster onto the rock
     B. By telling that he was so hungry and needed some food
     C. By saying that he had a nice and strong beak
     D. By picking up the oyster with his beak 

29. Where did the crow drop the oyster?
     A. Onto the sand
     B. Near the water
     C. Near the beach
     D. Onto a wide rock 

30. What is the moral value of the story?
     A. Do not fly high on the sky
     B. It is not easy to fool anybody
     C. Always trust people who offer help
     D. Do not be fooled by people who offer help 

Read the following text to answer questions number 31 to 34.
The black widow spider is an extremely poisonous spider of North and South America. Only the female one is dangerous. The bite of the male is generally harmless. Although it is greatly feared, it is not aggressive and generally bites only to defend itself.

This kind of spider has long legs and smooth, black bodies. The female spider is about twice as big as the male. It has a round, shiny, black abdomen, with a distinctive mark shaped like an hourglass on the underside. The male spider is only about half as the long as females and has more slender body. It has four pairs of red dots along the sides of the abdomen. It is rarely seen and is harmless.

Black widow spiders primarily eat insect that they trap in their webs. They kill their prey by biting and then inserting their venom. Birds and other animals learn not to eat the spider by identifying hourglass mark on their body. The venom makes the animal sick but usually does not kill them.
31. What does the text mostly tell us about?
     A. The black widow spider's enemy
     B. The habitat of black widow spiders
     C. The black widow spider in general
     D. The danger of black widow spiders 

32. What happens when an animal eats a black widow spider?
     A. The animal will soon die because of the venom
     B. The animal will get sick because of the venom
     C. The spider shows hourglass mark on its body
     D. The animal will become more aggressive 

33. What is the main food of the black widow spider?
     A. Fish
     B. Birds
     C. Insects
     D. Reptiles 

34. The underlined word in "... as long as female and have more slender bodies." is closest in meaning to ....
     A. Huge
     B. Small
     C. Slim
     D. Thick 

Read the following text to answer questions number 35 to 37.
I'm so happy to have a close friend. She is my beloved classmate, Fafa. We've known each other since we were in grade 8. We were in the same class, and we still are in grade 9 until now.

Fafa is a very kind and friendly girl. She is always ready to help other people. Although she comes from a rich family, she never looks down on other people. She is very sociable and has a lot of friends. She can interact easily with people from different ages. Therefore, she is also popular among teachers and parents.
35. What is the text about?
     A. The writer's sister
     B. The writer's family
     C. The writer's deskmate
     D. The writer's best friend 

36. What is the main idea of paragraph two?
     A. Fafa has good characters
     B. Fafa comes from a rich family
     C. Fafa is an eighth grader student
     D. Fafa is popular among neighbors 

37. The underlined word in "she can interact easily with people ..." is closest in meaning to ....
     A. React
     B. Introduce
     C. Influence
     D. Communicate 

Read the following text to answer questions number 38 to 40.
Once upon a time, there was a kingdom in Java that was attacked by another kingdom. The king asked his Queen to save her life. Alas! In the middle of the jungle, the enemy killed all her guards. However, the Queen was lucky because she changed herself into a golden snail and survived.

One day, an old woman saw the snail and took it home. She looked after it. Whenever the old woman was not at home, the snail turned into a human being. She cooked and did the household chores. When the old woman got home, the Queen quickly changed into a snail again. It happened several times and made the old woman curious. One day, the old woman peeped and saw what was going on. She broke in, immediately. She asked, "Why did you change yourself into a snail?". The Queen told her what happened. The old woman was surprised to know that the snail was a Queen.

Later, from the head of the village they discovered that the king had won the battle and he was looking for his wife. Then the village head sent a message to the king telling him that his wife was safe.

Several days later, the King and his guards came for the queen. They thanked the villagers for their kindness and brought the old women to their palace.

38. What happened when the old woman found the snail?
     A. She reported it to the head of the village
     B. She helped it to find the queen's husband
     C. It helped cleaning and cooking in her house
     D. She brought it to her house and took care of it 

39. What does the second paragraph tell you about?
     A. The queen lived as a golden snail
     B. The enemy who attacked the kingdom
     C. The old woman who looked after a snail
     D. The king's guards who were killed by enemy 

40. In the end of the story, the old woman live in ....
     A. The king's palace
     B. A small village
     C. The village heads
     D. The middle of the jungle 

Read the following text to answer questions number 41 to 43.
Adult butterflies can only feed on ... (41) ... usually nectar. Their mouth parts are modified to enable them to drink, but they cannot chew solids. A proboscis, which functions ... (42) ... a drinking straw, stays curled up under the butterfly's chin until it finds a source of nectar or other liquid nutrition. It then opens the long, tubular structure and ... (43) ... up the nectar.
41.
     A. Fruits
     B. Mud
     C. Leaves
     D. Liquids 

42.
     A. For
     B. In
     C. At
     D. As 

43.
     A. Touches
     B. Drinks
     C. Brings
     D. Sets 

Read the following text to answer questions number 44 to 46.
Lying on a sofa, Risma laughed remembering what she experienced last holiday. On that ... (44) ... Risma and her classmate planned to climb a mountain. They agreed to meet at a bus stop in front of a big mall in the city. When she reached the bus stop, she could not find her friends. She saw no one in front of the bus except the driver. Risma wondered if she came too early. She ... (45) ... she was mistaken about the time. The driver then asked her to get on the bus.  ... (46) ... she got in, Risma was very surprised and embarrassed to know there were no one in the bus except her and the driver. As the bus left, she realized that she mistakenly came to a wrong bus stop.
44.
     A. Day
     B. Seat
     C. Sofa
     D. Bus 

45.
     A. Asked
     B. Thought
     C. Stated
     D. Cried 

46.
     A. As soon as
     B. In order
     C. So that
     D. If only 

Arrange the following words into a correct sentence.
47.
1. When 2. in 3. came 4. a 5. were 6. stranger 7. sleeping 8. they

The correct arrangement is ....
     A. 1 – 8 – 3 – 1 – 4 – 6 – 5 – 7
     B. 1 – 3 – 2 – 8 – 5 – 7 – 4 – 8
     C. 8 – 5 – 7 – 1 – 4 – 6 – 3 – 2
     D. 8 – 5 – 1 – 4 – 3 – 6 – 2 – 7 

Arrange the following words into a correct sentence.
48.
1. Joko 2. but 3. go 4. doesn't 5. students 6. to 7. all 8. agree

The correct arrangement is ....
     A. 1 – 3 – 2 – 7 – 5 – 4 – 6 – 8
     B. 1 – 4 – 8 – 6 – 3 – 2 – 7 – 5
     C. 7 – 5 – 4 – 8 – 6 – 3 – 2 – 1
     D. 7 – 5 – 8 – 6 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 4 

Arrange the following sentences into a correct paragraph.
49. 1. Aim carefully at the pins at the end of the lane.
2. Cheer if you are happy with the score.
3. Finally, crouch down and roll the ball toward the pins.
4. Firstly, pick up the ball carefully with your thumb, middle and ring fingers.
5. Then take a step forward toward it.
6. Next, as you take the next two steps swing the ball behind you forward.
The correct arrangement is ....
     A. 1 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 2 – 3
     B. 1 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 3 – 2
     C. 4 – 1 – 5 – 6 – 2 – 3
     D. 4 – 1 – 5 – 6 – 3 – 2 

Arrange the following sentences into a correct paragraph.
50. 1. A subway is a train that runs underground.
2. People save a lot of money and time by using it.
3. Transportation is the way people travel from one place to another.
4. It is cheap and runs fast.
5. In big cities, many people use buses and subway to get around.
The correct arrangement is ....
     A. 3 – 1 – 5 – 4 – 2
     B. 3 – 5 – 1 – 2 – 4
     C. 5 – 1 – 2 – 4 – 3
     D. 5 – 2 – 1 – 4 – 3 




Demikian, semoga bermanfaat.
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Soal Simulasi UNBK Bahasa Inggris Tingkat MTs/SMP Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.


Pada kesempatan ini, kami akan berbagi Soal Simulasi UNBK Bahasa Inggris Tingkat MTs/SMP Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.

Tujuannya yaitu memudahkan para siswa untuk menjawab soal disaat ujian.

Pilihlah jawaban a, b, c, atau d yang kalian anggap paling benar!

To: Mr. Syaiful, M.Pd.

Please tell all the teachers, school staff and students that there will be a cleaning activity on the following Friday. Students must bring cleaning equipment like pails, brushes and rags or napkins. Every one must take part in this activity. I am so sorry I couldn’t join you all because of the meeting I have in the head office. I will be at school the day after tomorrow.

Abdul Basith, M.Pd.

1. Who sent this massage?
   a. One of the students
   b. Abdul Basith, M.Pd.
   c. Syaiful M.Pd.
   d. One of the teachers.
Pembahasan: Who sent this massage? Siapa mengirim pesan? Lihat nama orang di akhir pesan.

ANNOUNCEMENT

To : All students of SMP Bunga Matahari

To celebrate the school anniversary on November 16, 2017 and as a chance for students to perform their talents and creativities, OSIS will hold some competitions. They are futsal match, basketball match, singing contest, speech contest, and classroom contest. The competition will be held on:
Date : 5-9 November 2017
Time : 08.00-12.00
Venue : School hall and school yard

The first day is futsal match. The second day is basketball match. The third day is singing contest, the fourth day is speech contest and the classroom contest will be on the last day. Every class should join them. The winners of the competitions will receive the prizes on the anniversary day.
For further information, please contact Yeyen, the OSIS secretary.

The head of OSIS
Fuady

2. “Every class should join them”. What does “them” here refer to?
   a. Prizes
   b. Competitions
   c. Students
   d. Winners

Pembahasan: Every class should join them. The winners of the competitions will  receive the prizes on the anniversary day. Kata competitions sudah di dalam teks tersebut.

TO: farahana@ounnail.co.id
CC:
SUBJECT: Greetings from Medan

Dear Naya,
My family and I arrived in Medan yesterday evening. We took the last flight from Jakarta. We stayed at a nice hotel located not far from Merdeka Walk, a popular culinary spot in Medan. As soon as we arrived, we directly walked there to have our dinner. It was really fun. The food was yummy and the place was warm and cosy.

After breakfast, we went for a city tour by car. We visited the famous Maimun Palace. We went inside the palace and enjoyed the showcases of the monarch’s collections. Our next destination was Masjid Raya where we did our prayer. It is a beautiful mosque, another icon of Medan. We enjoyed the architecture of the mosque and took some good pictures.

After lunch, we went to visit some more museums and a zoo. But we didn’t stay long. We had to get back early to the hotel because tomorrow we would go to Toba Lake by bus very early in the morning. Yay! I couldn’t wait!

Dad was right. Medan is a nice city with lots of delicious food. That’s why he took us here. He said we would try all Medan delicacies before coming back to Jakarta.
I’ll write to you again soon.

Cheers,
Icha

3. The word “he” in the last paragraph refers to the writer’s …
   a. Father
   b. Friend
   c. Relative
   d. Brother

Pembahasan: Dad was right. Medan is a nice city with lots of delicious food. That’s why he took us here He = Dad = Daddy = Father.

4. .............dst.


Untuk lebih jelas dan lengkapnya lihat...Soal Simulasi UNBK Bahasa Inggris.

Demikian, semoga bermanfaat.
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Hal-hal Membatalkan Puasa Yang Harus Kita Ketahui.


Marhaban ya Ramadhan, pada kesempatan ini kami berbagi artikel kajian Ramadhan tentang Tata Cara Berpuasa Dalam Islam.

Bulan Ramadhan tinggal menghitung jari, segala persiapan harus matang sehingga mampu melaksakan ibadah puasa dengan baik. Salah satu hal yang harus dipersiapkan adalah ilmu hal, yaitu ilmu yang dibutuhkan pada waktu ini seperti ilmu tata cara melaksakan ibadah puasa dengan benar sesuai dengan syariat agama sehingga diterima oleh Allah SWT.

Hal-hal Membatalkan Puasa Yang Harus Kita Ketahui

Jika Anda masih ingat pengalaman puasa di masa kecil, kalimat ini mungkin masih terdengar akrab bagi Anda, “jangan nangis, nanti puasanya batal, lho!”. Tidak hanya mendengarnya, Anda mungkin juga pernah mengucapkannya kepada teman atau adik. Tapi, apakah hal tersebut benar-benar dapat membatalkan puasa? 

Hal-hal yang membatalkan puasa terkadang memang masih jadi perdebatan atau menyisakan tanda tanya. Mulai dari soal menangis, marah, menelan ludah atau dahak, hingga mencicipi makanan. Daripada Anda ikut bertanya-tanya, berikut penjelasan mengenai hal-hal yang bisa membatalkan puasa.
Apakah menangis membatalkan puasa?
Kecuali Anda sengaja menangis dan menelan air matanya, menangis tidak membatalkan puasa, kok.
Apakah berkumur saat wudu membatalkan puasa?
Berkumur tidak membatalkan puasa dan tetap harus dilakukan dalam wudu karena merupakan kewajiban dalam wudu, baik bagi orang yang berpuasa ataupun yang lainnya.
Apakah merokok membatalkan puasa?
Merokok membatalkan puasa karena memasukkan suatu benda ke dalam salah satu lubang dalam tubuh hingga lambung dengan sengaja dan menimbulkan kenikmatan.
Apakah muntah membatalkan puasa?
Jika seseorang muntah dengan sengaja maka batallah puasanya. Tapi jika tidak, maka tidak batal.
Apakah menelan dahak atau ludah membatalkan puasa?
Pada dasarnya tidak membatalkan namun ketika sudah sampai mulut, sebaiknya dibuang baik sedang puasa ataupun tidak.
Apakah mencicipi masakan membatalkan puasa?
Diperbolehkan bagi orang yang berpuasa untuk mencicipi makanan jika dibutuhkan. Caranya dengan meletakkan diujung lidah, dirasakan, lalu dikeluarkan/diludahkan, dan tidak ditelan sedikitpun.

Jika sekarang Anda sudah tidak bertanya-tanya tentang hal-hal yang membatalkan puasa. Jadi, apa saja hal-hal yang membatalkan puasa? Setidaknya ada 7 hal yang dapat membatalkan puasa, yaitu:
  1. Makan dan minum secara berkesinambungan dengan segaja
  2. Berhubungan seksual
  3. Keluar air mani dengan sengaja karena bersentuhan
  4. Perempuan yang mengalami haid atau nifas
  5. Muntah karena disengaja
  6. Gila atau hilang akal
  7. Keluar dari Islam
Demikian, semoga bermanfaat.
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Seorang Petugas KPPS Mengalami Keguguran Dalam Pemilu 2019.

Selamat datang di blog Kampung KB tumbuhh Jaya, pada kesempatan ini kami berbagi berita duka pemilu 2019. Kali ini datangnya dari petugas Kelompok Penyelenggara Pemungutan Suara (KPPS).

Radar tumbuh Mulia_Berita Sri Utami di bawah ini akan mewakili satu dari banyak petugas Kelompok Penyelenggara Pemungutan Suara (KPPS) yang kewalahan menghadapi beban kerja Pemilu serentak 2019. Belakangan, banyak laporan petugas KPPS di beberapa daerah meninggal karena kelelahan.

Seorang Petugas KPPS Mengalami Keguguran Dalam Pemilu 2019

Kisah Sri ini berawal ketika perempuan 30 tahun ini hampir 24 jam mengurusi pemungutan suara di TPS 1 Desa Lalonggotomi Kecamatan Pondidaha, Konawe, Sulawesi Tenggara pada Rabu, 17 April 2019.



“Waktu pencoblosan kami tidak tidur sehari semalam. Usai mencoblos, selesai perhitungan suara itu Kamis dinihari pukul 03.00. Itu pun tidak langsung selesai ada catat-catat lainnya, pokoknya selesai sekitar jam 06.00 hari Kamis, 18 April pagi," kata Sri pada Tempo melalui sambungan telepon, Sabtu, 20 April 2019.

Anggota Kelompok Penyelenggara Pemungutan Suara (KPPS) ini bangun siang hari dan langsung pergi lagi ke TPS. Ia mengatakan mesti merapikan beberapa administrasi Pemilu sekaligus beberes TPS. Ia baru kembali ke rumah malam hari.

Menurut Muhammad Agus, suami Sri, pada Kamis malam, istrinya mengeluh bahwa pada pagi hari dia mengalami bercak darah. "Nah karena sibuk, hari Jumat pagi kami cek ke dokter. Ternyata pas di rontgen dokter bilang istri saya keguguran,” kata Agus. Usia kandungan Sri saat itu baru dua bulan.

Agus dan Sri hanya bisa pasrah. Dia pun tak menyalahkan siapapun, termasuk Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU). "Saya anggap ini musibah," kata Agus. Kini Sri dirawat di Rumah Sakit Setia Bunda, Kota Unaaha.

Demikian, semoga bermanfaat bagi kita khususnya dalam menjaga kesehatan walau dalam sesibuk apapun.
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Rukun-rukun Puasa Lengkap Dengan Penjelasannya.


Marhaban ya Ramadhan, pada kesempatan ini kami berbagi artikel kajian Ramadhan tentang Rukun-rukun Puasa Lengkap Dengan Penjelasannya. 

Dalam melaksanakan puasa, ada beberapa syarat dan rukun yang harus kita ketahui agar ibadah puasa kita sah dan diterima oleh Allah SWT.

Berikut Rukun-rukun Puasa Lengkap Dengan Penjelasannya.
Rukun-rukun Puasa
Berdasarkan kesepakatan para ulama, rukun puasa adalah berniat dan menahan diri dari berbagai pembatal puasa mulai dari terbit fajar (yaitu fajar shodiq) hingga terbenamnya matahari[23]. 

Hal ini berdasarkan firman Allah Ta’ala,

وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيَامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ

“Dan makan minumlah hingga terang bagimu benang putih dari benang hitam, yaitu fajar. Kemudian sempurnakanlah puasa itu sampai (datang) malam.” (QS. Al Baqarah: 187). 

Yang dimaksud dari ayat diatas adalah, terangnya siang dan gelapnya malam dan bukan yang dimaksud benang secara hakiki.

Dari ‘Adi bin Hatim ketika turun surat Al Baqarah ayat 187, Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam berkata padanya,

إِنَّمَا ذَاكَ بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ مِنْ سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ

“Yang dimaksud adalah terangnya siang dari gelapnya malam”[24]. Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam mengatakan seperti itu pada ‘Adi bin Hatim karena sebelumnya ia mengambil dua benang hitam dan putih. Lalu ia menanti kapan muncul benang putih dari benang hitam, namun ternyata tidak kunjung nampak. Lantas ia menceritakan hal tersebut pada Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, kemudian beliau pun menertawai kelakukan ‘Adi bin Hatim.[25]

Keterangan:
  • [23] Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/9915.
  • [24] HR. Tirmidzi no. 2970, beliau mengatakan bahwa hadits ini hasan shahih.
  • [25] HR. Ahmad, 4/377. Shahih sebagaimana dikatakan oleh Syaikh Syu’aib Al Arnauth

Demikian, semoga bermanfaat.
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Syarat-syarat Wajib dan Sahnya Puasa Lengkap Dengan Penjelasannya.


Marhaban ya Ramadhan, pada kesempatan ini kami berbagi artikel kajian Ramadhan tentang Syarat-syarat Wajib dan Sahnya Puasa Lengkap Dengan Penjelasannya.

Dalam melaksanakan puasa, ada beberapa syarat yang harus kita ketahui agar ibadah puasa kita sah dan diterima oleh Allah SWT. Tanpa syarat tersebut maka puasa kita akan sia-sia belaka. 

Berikut Syarat-syarat Wajib dan Sahnya Puasa Ramadhan Lengkap Dengan Penjelasannya.


a. Syarat Wajib Puasa[1]
Syarat wajibnya puasa yaitu: 
(1) islam, 
(2) berakal, 
(3) sudah baligh [2], dan
(4) mengetahui akan wajibnya puasa.[3]


b. Syarat Wajibnya Penunaian Puasa[4]
Syarat wajib penunaian puasa, artinya ketika ia mendapati waktu tertentu, maka ia dikenakan kewajiban puasa. Syarat yang dimaksud adalah sebagai berikut.

(1) Sehat, tidak dalam keadaan sakit.
(2) Menetap, tidak dalam keadaan bersafar. 
Dalil kedua syarat ini adalah firman Allah Ta’ala,


وَمَنْ كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ

“Dan barangsiapa yang dalam keadaan sakit atau dalam perjalanan (lalu ia berbuka), maka (wajiblah baginya berpuasa), sebanyak hari yang ditinggalkannya itu, pada hari-hari yang lain” (QS. Al Baqarah: 185). 

Kedua syarat ini termasuk dalam syarat wajib penunaian puasa dan bukan syarat sahnya puasa dan bukan syarat wajibnya qodho’ puasa. Karena syarat wajib penunaian puasa di sini gugur pada orang yang sakit dan orang yang bersafar. Ketika mereka tidak berpuasa saat itu, barulah mereka qodho’ berdasarkan kesepakatan para ulama. Namun jika mereka tetap berpuasa dalam keadaan demikian, puasa mereka tetap sah.

(3) Suci dari haidh dan nifas. 
Dalilnya adalah hadits dari Mu’adzah, ia pernah bertanya pada ‘Aisyah radhiyallahu ‘anha. Hadits tersebut adalah,


عَنْ مُعَاذَةَ قَالَتْ سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ مَا بَالُ الْحَائِضِ تَقْضِى الصَّوْمَ وَلاَ تَقْضِى الصَّلاَةَ فَقَالَتْ أَحَرُورِيَّةٌ أَنْتِ قُلْتُ لَسْتُ بِحَرُورِيَّةٍ وَلَكِنِّى أَسْأَلُ. قَالَتْ كَانَ يُصِيبُنَا ذَلِكَ فَنُؤْمَرُ بِقَضَاءِ الصَّوْمِ وَلاَ نُؤْمَرُ بِقَضَاءِ الصَّلاَةِ.

Dari Mu’adzah dia berkata, “Saya bertanya kepada Aisyah seraya berkata, ‘Kenapa gerangan wanita yang haid mengqadha’ puasa dan tidak mengqadha’ shalat?’ Maka Aisyah menjawab, ‘Apakah kamu dari golongan Haruriyah? ‘ Aku menjawab, ‘Aku bukan Haruriyah, akan tetapi aku hanya bertanya.’ Dia menjawab, ‘Kami dahulu juga mengalami haid, maka kami diperintahkan untuk mengqadha’ puasa dan tidak diperintahkan untuk mengqadha’ shalat’.”[5] 

Berdasarkan kesepakatan para ulama pula, wanita yang dalam keadaan haidh dan nifas tidak wajib puasa dan wajib mengqodho’ puasanya.[6]


c. Syarat Sahnya Puasa
Syarat sahnya puasa ada dua, yaitu:[7]

(1) Dalam keadaan suci dari haidh dan nifas. 
Syarat ini adalah syarat terkena kewajiban puasa dan sekaligus syarat sahnya puasa.

(2) Berniat. 
Niat merupakan syarat sah puasa karena puasa adalah ibadah sedangkan ibadah tidaklah sah kecuali dengan niat sebagaimana ibadah yang lain. Dalil dari hal ini adalah sabda Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam,


إِنَّمَا الأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ

“Sesungguhnya setiap amal itu tergantung dari niatnya.”[8]

Niat puasa ini harus dilakukan untuk membedakan dengan menahan lapar lainnya. Menahan lapar bisa jadi hanya sekedar kebiasaan, dalam rangka diet, atau karena sakit sehingga harus dibedakan dengan puasa yang merupakan ibadah.

Namun, para pembaca sekalian perlu ketahui bahwasanya niat tersebut bukanlah diucapkan (dilafadzkan). Karena yang dimaksud niat adalah kehendak untuk melakukan sesuatu dan niat letaknya di hati[9]. 

Semoga Allah merahmati An Nawawi rahimahullah –ulama besar dalam Syafi’iyah- yang mengatakan,


لَا يَصِحُّ الصَّوْمَ إِلَّا بِالنِّيَّةِ وَمَحَلُّهَا القَلْبُ وَلَا يُشْتَرَطُ النُّطْقُ بِلاَ خِلَافٍ

“Tidaklah sah puasa seseorang kecuali dengan niat. Letak niat adalah dalam hati, tidak disyaratkan untuk diucapkan. Masalah ini tidak terdapat perselisihan di antara para ulama.”[10]

Ulama Syafi’iyah lainnya, Asy Syarbini rahimahullah mengatakan,

وَمَحَلُّهَا الْقَلْبُ ، وَلَا تَكْفِي بِاللِّسَانِ قَطْعًا ، وَلَا يُشْتَرَطُ التَّلَفُّظُ بِهَا قَطْعًا كَمَا قَالَهُ فِي الرَّوْضَةِ

“Niat letaknya dalam hati dan tidak perlu sama sekali dilafazhkan. Niat sama sekali tidakk disyaratkan untuk dilafazhkan sebagaimana ditegaskan oleh An Nawawi dalam Ar Roudhoh.”[11]

Syaikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyah mengatakan,


وَالنِّيَّةُ مَحَلُّهَا الْقَلْبُ بِاتِّفَاقِ الْعُلَمَاءِ ؛ فَإِنْ نَوَى بِقَلْبِهِ وَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ بِلِسَانِهِ أَجْزَأَتْهُ النِّيَّةُ بِاتِّفَاقِهِمْ

“Niat itu letaknya di hati berdasarkan kesepakatan ulama. Jika seseorang berniat di hatinya tanpa ia lafazhkan dengan lisannya, maka niatnya sudah dianggap sah berdasarkan kesepakatan para ulama.”[12]

Syaikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyah menjelaskan pula, “Siapa saja yang menginginkan melakukan sesuatu, maka secara pasti ia telah berniat. Semisal di hadapannya disodorkan makanan, lalu ia punya keinginan untuk menyantapnya, maka ketika itu pasti ia telah berniat. 

Demikian ketika ia ingin berkendaraan atau melakukan perbuatan lainnya. Bahkan jika seseorang dibebani suatu amalan lantas dikatakan tidak berniat, maka sungguh ini adalah pembebanan yang mustahil dilakukan. Karena setiap orang yang hendak melakukan suatu amalan yang disyariatkan atau tidak disyariatkan pasti ilmunya telah mendahuluinya dalam hatinya, inilah yang namanya niat.”[13]

Wajib Berniat Sebelum Fajar[14]

Dalilnya adalah hadits dari Ibnu Umar radhiyallahu ‘anhuma dari Hafshoh –istri Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam-, Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda,


مَنْ لَمْ يُجْمِعِ الصِّيَامَ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ فَلاَ صِيَامَ لَهُ

“Barangsiapa siapa yang tidak berniat sebelum fajar, maka puasanya tidak sah.”[15]

Syarat ini adalah syarat puasa wajib menurut ulama Malikiyah, Syafi’iyah dan Hambali. Yang dimaksud dengan berniat di setiap malam adalah mulai dari tenggelam matahari hingga terbit fajar.[16]

Adapun dalam puasa sunnah boleh berniat setelah terbit fajar menurut mayoritas ulama. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari perbuatan Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Dalil masalah ini adalah hadits ‘Aisyah berikut ini. ‘Aisyah berkata,


دَخَلَ عَلَىَّ النَّبِىُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ « هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَىْءٌ ». فَقُلْنَا لاَ. قَالَ « فَإِنِّى إِذًا صَائِمٌ ». ثُمَّ أَتَانَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُهْدِىَ لَنَا حَيْسٌ. فَقَالَ « أَرِينِيهِ فَلَقَدْ أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا ». فَأَكَلَ.

“Pada suatu hari, Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam menemuiku dan bertanya, “Apakah kamu mempunyai makanan?” Kami menjawab, “Tidak ada.” Beliau berkata, “Kalau begitu, saya akan berpuasa.” Kemudian beliau datang lagi pada hari yang lain dan kami berkata, “Wahai Rasulullah, kita telah diberi hadiah berupa Hais (makanan yang terbuat dari kurma, samin dan keju).” Maka beliau pun berkata, “Bawalah kemari, sesungguhnya dari tadi pagi tadi aku berpuasa.”[17] 

An Nawawi rahimahullah mengatakan, “Ini adalah dalil bagi mayoritas ulama, bahwa boleh berniat di siang hari sebelum waktu zawal (matahari bergeser ke barat) pada puasa sunnah.”[18] 

Di sini disyaratkan bolehnya niat di siang hari yaitu sebelum niat belum melakukan pembatal puasa. Jika ia sudah melakukan pembatal sebelum niat (di siang hari), maka puasanya tidak sah. Hal ini tidak ada perselisihan di dalamnya.[19]

Niat ini harus diperbaharui setiap harinya. Karena puasa setiap hari di bulan Ramadhan masing-masing hari berdiri sendiri, tidak berkaitan satu dan lainnya, dan tidak pula puasa di satu hari merusak puasa hari lainnya. Hal ini berbeda dengan raka’at dalam shalat.[20]

Niat puasa Ramadhan harus ditegaskan (jazm) bahwa akan berniat puasa Ramadhan. Jadi, tidak boleh seseorang berniat dalam keadaan ragu-ragu, semisal ia katakan, “Jika besok tanggal 1 Ramadhan, berarti saya tunaikan puasa wajib. Jika bukan 1 Ramadhan, saya niatkan puasa sunnah”. Niat semacam ini tidak dibolehkan karena ia tidak menegaskan niat puasanya.[21] 

Niat itu pun harus dikhususkan (dita’yin) untuk puasa Ramadhan saja tidak boleh untuk puasa lainnya.[22]


Keterangan nomor-nomor diatas bersumber dari:
  • [1] Disebut dengan syarat wujub shoum.
  • [2] Tanda baligh adalah: (1) Ihtilam, yaitu keluarnya mani dalam keadaan sadar atau saat mimpi; (2) Tumbuhnya bulu kemaluan; atau (3) Dua tanda yang khusus pada wanita adalah haidh dan hamil. (Lihat Al Mawsua’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/3005-3008).
Sebagian fuqoha menyatakan bahwa diperintahkan bagi anak yang sudah menginjak usia tujuh tahun untuk berpuasa jika ia mampu sebagaimana mereka diperintahkan untuk shalat. Jika ia sudah berusia 10 tahun dan meninggalkannya –padahal mampu-, maka hendaklah ia dipukul. (Lihat Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/ 9916)
  • [3] Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/ 9916.
  • [4] Disebut dengan syarat wujubul adaa’ shoum.
  • [5] HR. Muslim no. 335.
  • [6] Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/ 9916-9917.
  • [7] Lihat Shahih Fiqh Sunnah, 2/ 97 dan Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/ 9917.
  • [8] HR. Bukhari no. 1 dan Muslim no. 1907, dari ‘Umar bin Al Khottob.
  • [9] Niat tidak perlu dilafazhkan dengan “nawaitu shouma ghodin …”. Jika seseorang  makan sahur, pasti ia sudah niat dalam hatinya bahwa ia akan puasa. Agama ini sungguh tidak mempersulit umatnya.
  • [10] Rowdhotuth Tholibin, 1/268.
  • [11] Mughnil Muhtaj, 1/620.
  • [12] Majmu’ Al Fatawa, 18/262.
  • [13] Idem.
  • [14] Yang dimaksudkan adalah masuk waktu shubuh.
  • [15] HR. Abu Daud no. 2454, Tirmidzi no. 730, dan Nasa’i no. 2333.
Asy Syaukani rahimahullah mengatakan, “Riwayat yang menyatakan bahwa hadits ini mauquf (hanya perkataan sahabat) tidak menafikan riwayat di atas. Karena riwayat marfu’ adalah ziyadah (tambahan) yang bisa diterima sebagaimana dikatakan oleh ahli ilmu ushul dan ahli hadits. Pendapat seperti ini pun dipilih oleh sekelompok ulama, namun diselisihi oleh yang lainnya. Ulama yang menyelisihi tersebut berdalil tanpa argumen yang kuat” (Ar Roudhotun Nadiyah, hal. 323).
Syaikh Al Albani mengatakan bahwa hadits ini shahih. Lihat Irwaul Gholil 914 (4/26).
  • [16] Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/9919.
  • [17] HR. Muslim no. 1154.
  • [18] Al Minhaj Syarh Shahih Muslim, 8/35.
  • [19] Lihat Kasyaful Qona’ ‘an Matn Al Iqna’, 6/32.
  • [20] Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/9922.
  • [21] Inilah pendapat ulama Syafi’iyah dan Hanabilah. Lihat Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/9918.
  • [22] Ini pendapat jumhur (mayoritas ulama). Lihat Al Mawsu’ah Al Fiqhiyah, 2/9918. 

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Demikian, semoga dengan mengetahui hal-hal tersebut, ibadah puasa kita bisa diterima oleh Allah SWT.
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